Dab tsi ua yas ua rau lub ecosystem?

"Qhov no yog lub ntiaj teb no kev ntxhov, thiab peb rhuav tshem cov kabmob Marine," said Lisa Svensson, lub taub hau ntawm UN lub oceans teeb meem.

Vim li cas ho muaj teeb meem txog kev ua kom tsis raug pa?

Raws li peb paub, yas tsis siv dav txog 60 lossis 70 xyoo dhau los, tab sis tam sim ntawd tau hloov txhua yam los ntawm khaub ncaws, ua noj ua haus, catering khoom tsim, engineering, thiab khw muag khoom. Muaj ntau ntau hom kev ntawm plastics, ib qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog qhov zoo tshaj plaws yog tias tsim lub neej ntev heev, thiab yuav luag tag nrho cov khoom yas yog tam sim no nyob rau hauv ib co daim ntawv.

Nyob rau hauv Lub Xya Hli Ntuj xyoo 2017, ntawm California, Santa Barbara, cov kws ua haujlwm ecologist Dr Roland gaye (Roland Geyer) thiab nws cov neeg ua haujlwm tau luam tawm nyob rau hauv phau ntawv qhia kev tshawb fawb txog kev kawm ntawv los xam cov tib neeg ntawm cov ntaub ntawv tag nrho 8.3 billion tons. Kwv yees li ntawm 6.3 billion tons ntawm cov no yog cov khoom pov tseg tam sim no, thiab 79 feem pua ntawm qhov ntawd yog nyob rau hauv chaw pov tseg lossis qhov chaw nruab ntug. Qhov dej khib nyiab no yog tsav los ntawm lub neej niaj hnub no. Nyob rau hauv lub neej tshiab, yas ua rau ntau yam "cov khoom siv", los ntawm cov dej haus thiab cov pawj rau cov tais diav thiab paj rwb.

Plaub billion yas hwj.

Haus fwj yog ib qho ntawm cov hnab yas ntau tshaj plaws. Kwv yees li ntawm 480 billions yas hwj yas yog muag thoob ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv 2016, txog li ib lab fwj ib feeb. Ntawm cov, 110 billion tus ua los ntawm haus dej coca Cola. Muaj ntau lub teb chaws muaj kev ntsuas kom txo cov khoom noj ntawm cov yas hwj. Britain cov tswv yim muaj xws li cov nyiaj rov qab ua lag luam, nrog rau kev txhim kho kom cov dej haus dawb hauv cov nroog loj, xws li London.

Kwv yees li ntawm 480 billions yas hwj yas yog muag thoob ntiaj teb nyob rau hauv 2016, nrog nruab nrab ntawm ib lab fwj ib feeb, 20,000 fwj ntawm ob. Tiam sis tsawg dua 50% ntawm cov fwj tshuaj yas rov qab siv, thiab tsuas yog 7% rov qab siv rau hauv cov hwj yas.

Ntau npaum li cas cov khoom pov tseg ploj mus nyob hauv dej hiav txwv?

Kwv yees li ntawm 10 plhom tons ntawm nplua nuj nyob hauv dej hiav txwv txhua xyoo. Nyob rau hauv 2010, cov kws tshawb fawb los ntawm lub teb chaws lub chaw rau kev soj ntsuam thiab kev koom ua ke thiab University of Georgia tau kwv yees tias daim duab yog 8 lab tons thiab kwv yees kom nce mus rau 9.1 lab tons thaum xyoo 2015. Hauv 2015, luam tawm hauv phau tshawb fawb, tib txoj kev tshawb, ib daim ntawv soj ntsuam ntawm 192 ntug dej hiav txwv lub teb chaws ntawm cov yas ua, raws li cov neeg Esxias lub teb chaws ntawm lub 20 biggest emitters yas 13.

Asia ua rau lub ntiaj teb coob Marine yas pov tseg.

Ob lub teb chaws Suav thiab Tebchaws Meskas yog cov khoom loj ntawm cov pov tseg, nrog rau tus nqi qis rau nqi qis. Yas khib nyiab accumulates nyob rau hauv dej hiav txwv, thiab cua cov ntaub ntawv ib cov khaub zig cua ntawm gyre, uas muaj peev xwm nqus nyob rau hauv tej yam floating khib nyiab. Muaj tam sim no tsib lub ntiaj teb ncig, qhov nto moo tshaj plaws uas tej zaum yuav yog sab qaum teb Pacific Gyre. Nws kwv yees hais tias nws yuav siv li ntawm rau xyoo rau lub khib nyiab kom mus los ntawm Teb Chaws Asmeskas ntug hiav txwv mus rau sab qaum teb Pacific thaj chaw, thiab nws yuav siv li ib xyoos pib ntawm Nyiv.

Marine yas khib nyiab ntev npaum li cas?

Qhov concentration ntawm cov pov tseg cov yas nyob rau hauv tag nrho tsib ntawm cov kev ua haujlwm yog siab dua tus so ntawm tus dej hiav txwv. Lawv tau ua los ntawm cov yas me me ntawm yas uas tshwm sim tau raug tshem tawm hauv qhov dej ntawm lub hiav txwv, qhov tshwm sim zoo li "kua zaub kua". Thiab qhov hnyav hnyav ntawm plastics feem ntau txhais tau hais tias ntau cov khoom ua tau noj tau ntau pua xyoo los tsoo. Txawm li cas los xij, kev sib tw rau Kev Tiv Thaiv ntawm sab qaum teb Pacific yog pib, thiab qhov kev txiav txim los ntawm Ocean Cleanup, pab pawg neeg koom siab, pib xyoo 2018.

Vim muaj cov khoom hnyav rau cov khoom hnyav, lawv tuaj yeem nqa tau ntau pua xyoo mus rau qhov chaw.

Vim li cas thiaj li muaj kev puas tsuaj rau txoj sia?

Rau cov hiav txwv loj loj xws li cov seabirds thiab cov vaub kib, cov ntses ntses thiab cov thwj cim, qhov xwm txheej yog qhov lawv raug ntim cov hnab yas thiab lwm yam paug, los yog lawv yuam kev yas rau khoom noj. Vaub kib tsis paub qhov txawv nruab nrab ntawm cov hnab yas thiab jellyfish, thiab nws tau muab cov yas ua khoom noj. Nqos cov hnab yas yuav ua rau sab hauv, uas feem ntau ua rau tuag taus. Loj chunks ntawm cov yas kuj ua kom lub plab zom mov ntawm seabirds thiab whales, qhov ua rau tuag taus. Raws li lub sij hawm mus, lub yas pov tseg maj mam decomposed rau hauv me me pieces, uas attracted tus mloog ntawm cov kws tshawb fawb.

Ib qho chaw twg rau lub hiav txwv ntawm cov yas paj rwb swabs.

Ib daim ntawv ntsuam xyuas los ntawm University of Plymouth tsis ntev los no tau pom tias ib qho ntawm peb tus ntses tau pom muaj cov yas, nrog rau lub suab, kaockey, mackerel thiab qwj ntses. Qhov no yuav ua rau ntses tsis txaus noj los yog tshaib plab thiab ua rau tib neeg noj cov yas. Qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov ntses uas muaj cov yas rau tib neeg feem ntau tsis paub. Tab sis, xyoo 2016, cov khoom noj khoom haus nyob sab Europe tau ceeb toom: "Kev ua kom muaj cov pa phem tsawg hauv kev lag luam ntses, lawv cov kev phem rau tib neeg kev noj qab haus huv thiab zaub mov muaj kev nyab xeeb.